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In order to convert a string of characters from one character set to another a simple list
of numbers, such as in the right columns in the above table, along with perl's tr/// operator
is all that is needed. The data in the table are in ASCII order hence the EBCDIC columns
provide easy to use ASCII to EBCDIC operations that are also easily reversed.
For example, to convert ASCII to code page 037 take the output of the second column from
the output of recipe 0 (modified to add \\ characters) and use it in tr/// like so:
$cp_037 =
'\000\001\002\003\234\011\206\177\227\215\216\013\014\015\016\017' .
'\020\021\022\023\235\205\010\207\030\031\222\217\034\035\036\037' .
'\200\201\202\203\204\012\027\033\210\211\212\213\214\005\006\007' .
'\220\221\026\223\224\225\226\004\230\231\232\233\024\025\236\032' .
'\040\240\342\344\340\341\343\345\347\361\242\056\074\050\053\174' .
'\046\351\352\353\350\355\356\357\354\337\041\044\052\051\073\254' .
'\055\057\302\304\300\301\303\305\307\321\246\054\045\137\076\077' .
'\370\311\312\313\310\315\316\317\314\140\072\043\100\047\075\042' .
'\330\141\142\143\144\145\146\147\150\151\253\273\360\375\376\261' .
'\260\152\153\154\155\156\157\160\161\162\252\272\346\270\306\244' .
'\265\176\163\164\165\166\167\170\171\172\241\277\320\335\336\256' .
'\136\243\245\267\251\247\266\274\275\276\133\135\257\250\264\327' .
'\173\101\102\103\104\105\106\107\110\111\255\364\366\362\363\365' .
'\175\112\113\114\115\116\117\120\121\122\271\373\374\371\372\377' .
'\134\367\123\124\125\126\127\130\131\132\262\324\326\322\323\325' .
'\060\061\062\063\064\065\066\067\070\071\263\333\334\331\332\237' ;
my $ebcdic_string = $ascii_string;
eval '$ebcdic_string =~ tr/\000-\377/' . $cp_037 . '/';
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To convert from EBCDIC 037 to ASCII just reverse the order of the tr/// arguments like so:
my $ascii_string = $ebcdic_string;
eval '$ascii_string = tr/' . $cp_037 . '/\000-\377/';
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Similarly one could take the output of the third column from recipe 0 to obtain a $cp_1047
table. The fourth column of the output from recipe 0 could provide a $cp_posix_bc
table suitable for transcoding as well.
XPG operability often implies the presence of an iconv utility available from the
shell or from the C library. Consult your system's documentation for information on iconv.
On OS/390 or z/OS see the iconv(1) manpage. One way to invoke the iconv shell utility from
within perl would be to:
# OS/390 or z/OS example
$ascii_data = `echo '$ebcdic_data'| iconv -f IBM-1047 -t ISO8859-1`
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or the inverse map:
# OS/390 or z/OS example
$ebcdic_data = `echo '$ascii_data'| iconv -f ISO8859-1 -t IBM-1047`
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For other perl based conversion options see the Convert::* modules on CPAN.
The OS/390 and z/OS C run time libraries provide _atoe() and _etoa() functions.
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