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README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
This document describes various features of IBM's Unix operating system (AIX) that will
affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl) is compiled and/or runs.
When compiling Perl, you must use an ANSI C compiler. AIX does not ship an ANSI compliant
C-compiler with AIX by default, but binary builds of gcc for AIX are widely available.
At the moment of writing, AIX supports two different native C compilers, for which you have
to pay: xlC and vac. If you decide to use either of these two (which is quite a
lot easier than using gcc), be sure to upgrade to the latest available patch level. Currently:
xlC.C 3.1.4.10 or 3.6.6.0 or 5.0.2.6
vac.C 4.4.0.3 or 5.0.2.4
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Perl can be compiled with either IBM's ANSI C compiler or with gcc. The former is
recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no difficulty, but also can take advantage
of features listed later that require the use of IBM compiler-specific command-line flags.
The IBM's compiler patch levels 5.0.0.0 and 5.0.1.0 have compiler optimization bugs that
affect compiling perl.c and regcomp.c, respectively. If Perl's configuration detects those
compiler patch levels, optimization is turned off for the said source code files. Upgrading to
at least 5.0.2.0 is recommended.
If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and complete, and be sure
to read the Perl README file for more gcc-specific details. Please report any hoops you had to
jump through to the development team.
Before installing the patches to the IBM C-compiler you need to know the level of patching
for the Operating System. IBM's command 'oslevel' will show the base, but is not always
complete (in this example oslevel shows 4.3.NULL, whereas the system might run most of
4.3.THREE):
# oslevel
4.3.0.0
# lslpp -l | grep 'bos.rte '
bos.rte 4.3.3.75 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime
bos.rte 4.3.2.0 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime
#
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The same might happen to AIX 5.1 or other OS levels. As a side note, perl cannot be built
without bos.adt.syscalls and bos.adt.libm installed
# lslpp -l | egrep "syscalls|libm"
bos.adt.libm 5.1.0.25 COMMITTED Base Application Development
bos.adt.syscalls 5.1.0.25 COMMITTED System Calls Application
#
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AIX supports dynamically loadable objects as well as shared libraries. Shared libraries by
convention end with the suffix .a, which is a bit misleading, as an archive can contain static
as well as dynamic members. For perl dynamically loaded objects we use the .so suffix also
used on many other platforms.
Note that starting from Perl 5.7.2 (and consequently 5.8.0) and AIX 4.3 or newer Perl uses
the AIX native dynamic loading interface in the so called runtime linking mode instead of the
emulated interface that was used in Perl releases 5.6.1 and earlier or, for AIX releases 4.2
and earlier. This change does break backward compatibility with compiled modules from earlier
perl releases. The change was made to make Perl more compliant with other applications like
Apache/mod_perl which are using the AIX native interface. This change also enables the use of
C++ code with static constructors and destructors in perl extensions, which was not possible
using the emulated interface.
All defaults for Configure can be used.
If you've chosen to use vac 4, be sure to run 4.4.0.3. Older versions will turn up nasty
later on. For vac 5 be sure to run at least 5.0.1.0, but vac 5.0.2.3 or up is highly
recommended. Note that since IBM has removed vac 5.0.2.1 and 5.0.2.2 from the software depot,
these versions should be considered obsolete.
Here's a brief lead of how to upgrade the compiler to the latest level. Of course this is
subject to changes. You can only upgrade versions from ftp-available updates if the first
three digit groups are the same (in where you can skip intermediate unlike the patches in the
developer snapshots of perl), or to one version up where the `base' is available. In other
words, the AIX compiler patches are cumulative.
vac.C.4.4.0.1 => vac.C.4.4.0.3 is OK (vac.C.4.4.0.2 not needed)
xlC.C.3.1.3.3 => xlC.C.3.1.4.10 is NOT OK (xlC.C.3.1.4.0 is not available)
# ftp ftp.software.ibm.com
Connected to service.boulder.ibm.com.
: welcome message ...
Name (ftp.software.ibm.com:merijn): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password.
Password:
... accepted login stuff
ftp> cd /aix/fixes/v4/
ftp> dir other other.ll
output to local-file: other.ll? y
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> dir xlc xlc.ll
output to local-file: xlc.ll? y
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> bye
... goodbye messages
# ls -l *.ll
-rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 1169432 Nov 2 17:29 other.ll
-rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 29170 Nov 2 17:29 xlc.ll
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On AIX 4.2 using xlC, we continue:
# lslpp -l | fgrep 'xlC.C '
xlC.C 3.1.4.9 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
xlC.C 3.1.4.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
# grep 'xlC.C.3.1.4.*.bff' xlc.ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6286336 Jul 22 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.1.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6173696 Aug 24 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff
-rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6319104 Aug 14 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.2.bff
-rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6316032 Oct 21 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.3.bff
-rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6315008 Dec 20 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.4.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6178816 Mar 28 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.5.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6188032 May 22 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.6.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6191104 Sep 5 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.7.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6185984 Jan 13 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.8.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6169600 May 27 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.9.bff
# wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/xlc/xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff
#
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On AIX 4.3 using vac, we continue:
# lslpp -l | grep 'vac.C '
vac.C 5.0.2.2 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
vac.C 5.0.2.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
# grep 'vac.C.5.0.2.*.bff' other.ll
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13592576 Apr 16 2001 vac.C.5.0.2.0.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14133248 Apr 9 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.3.bff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14173184 May 20 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff
# wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/other/vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff
#
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Likewise on all other OS levels. Then execute the following command, and fill in its
choices
# smit install_update
-> Install and Update from LATEST Available Software
* INPUT device / directory for software [ vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff ]
[ OK ]
[ OK ]
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Follow the messages ... and you're done.
Using gcc-3.0 (tested with 3.0.4) now works out of the box, as do recent gcc-2.9 builds
available directly from IBM as part of their Linux compatibility packages, available here:
http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/linux/
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Should yield no problems.
Threads seem to work OK, though at the moment not all tests pass when threads are used in
combination with 64bit configurations.
If your AIX is installed with 64-bit support, you can expect 64bit configurations to work.
In combination with threads some tests might still fail.
In AIX 4.2 Perl extensions that use C++ functions that use statics may have problems in
that the statics are not getting initialized. In newer AIX releases this has been solved by
linking Perl with the libC_r library, but unfortunately in AIX 4.2 the said library has an
obscure bug where the various functions related to time (such as time() and gettimeofday())
return broken values, and therefore in AIX 4.2 Perl is not linked against the libC_r.
H.Merijn Brand <h.m.brand@hccnet.nl>
Version 0.0.5: 22 May 2002
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